Only one airport can claim the title of "world's oldest continuously operating" one. That title belongs to the College Park Airport, located in Maryland, about 25 miles from the great state line, Baltimore-Washington International Airport.
College Park's origins can be traced directly to the Wright brothers. Although their sustainability, controlled, powered flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, as is well documented, occurred in 1903, it was not until 1908, weretheir attempt to interest in their European design 'has produced a sufficient interest in their country. The Wright Model A Flyer military, one of three aircraft delivered to the Army Aeronautical Division to UP requirements for an engine that was heavier than air flying machine and the training of two pilots, "Meet the first flight from nearby Ft Myer brought in Virginia, later this year, but his fate dangerous violation of Orville Wright and the death of his passenger.
Thereconstructed plane had demonstrated its capabilities during a one hour flight, all the data: it is two to 40 km / h speed and a range of 125 miles, and design have been met at the 2nd Army in August passed, 1909. What remained, however, was still vacant after two agents claiming to train on the fly.
The site shown Ft Myer, the location of all flight tests to date, had been forced and was often surrounded by curious and had a larger areaclearly needed. His replacement, 160 hectares of flat land in nearby Maryland, was then as a flying field for Army Signal Corps Lieutenant Frank Lahm was chartered discovered by a balloon. The package, which is located near the new Maryland Agricultural College had, train and tram access, but enough to get a significant number of spectators to take public. College Park Airport was.
After several trees in a small hangar in October and have been approved,length boot the bike was built to facilitate the free Military Flyer, while the air carrier was transported in a disassembled state, the new location.
Formation Flight Lieutenant Frank P. Lahm And Frederic Humphreys, begins on October 8, both in solos performed successfully in just over three hours, but the second to reach the company before he was first officer, both the world and be the first pilot to fly a governmentAircraft in the process. Both were subsequently allocated within the army.
Two other "firsts" occurred fly this year: Mrs. Ralph H. Van Daman, the first woman in the United States as a passenger, Lt. George Sweet became the first Navy officer to fly when it did so with Lahm at 3. November.
A storage hangar recruited by the Wright brothers and ten men, had served as housing in the battle call.
Rex Smith, inventor and patent attorney, may be creditedSparks Civil Aviation College Park, when Rex Smith Aeroplane Company and Aviation National Aviation Company, and Washington decided he had placed Aircraft Services and Support.
Wright Model B, the successor to the original version of "A in 1910 and part of this operation was an open cockpit design of two people from West Virginia, where white spruce coating aluminum powder had a metallic look was built. The dual-wing as the original1903 Wright Flyer Kitty Hawk fame, fabric and non-bank-induced aileron was developed by the latest standard, but the method of Wright-wing-warping. Powered by a 30-35 hp four-cylinder, water cooled engine, the Twin Wright drove min 8.6 meter propeller in front of 428 rpm, 950-pound aircraft could be 27 hours and an almost stationary was able to get air miles, a maximum speed of 40 km / h with its long span of 38.6 meters. A double rudder and elevator as distortedcovered his cock.
was an initial lack of which only one wing-warping and rudder control stick between the pilots, two cars right elevator actuator, two years after the installation of a second wing-warping and rudder control, the previous legislation and the left pilot seat phenomenon. The nature of the training and test flights took place. Together with a Wright-Burgess and two Curtiss Pusher was the original Flight Training Flight School isFleet.
All in all, had 55 flights of Wilbur Wright College Park in 1909, the fastest of which was a record 46 hours of miles.
Although Wright had left College Park in November 1909 after his contract had been respected and had moved their training at the School of Ft Sam Houston had planted the seeds of the first two pilots in a Signal Corps center real military training aircraft in 1911, flourished when the army, receiving a CongressAppropriations for the Army Aviation had built an additional 100 acres of leased land and further ordered more aircraft hangars, the introduction of the first Army Aviation School. Indeed, the original hangar Wright had increased in seven, with a headquarters building and a medical tent and a table at this time.
Aviation Foundation continues to define this year. The first test of an aircraft bomb sights, there was, for instance, was during the college had become the source of both the parkfirst cross-country and cross-country flight prior military, a sector 42 miles to Frederick, Maryland, in a Burgess-Wright airplane. The first member of Congress was covered by SU Army and the first aerial photographs of the airfield had been removed from 600 -, 1,500 - and 2,000 feet altitude.
The Blériot XI, a single engine, fabric monoplane designed and built in France and in the name of Louis Bleriot was the designer and aircraft Curtiss Wright joined College ParkNational Society of the airplane in 1911. Powered by a 70 hp Gnome rotary engine, the 661-pound, design pilot alone, with a 25.7-meter "rotated" were the first wing aircraft heavier than air under the English Channel from Calais to Dover crossing were more a century ago, July 25, 1909 and had as its basic configuration, where all the current day aircraft was served. (Then) novel, leaf arrangement had, however, the reason for the refusal of 'army-type werethe default configuration after biplane pilots from the New York School Moisant had shown them, in Maryland in College Park, however, the National Aeroplane Company type Agent for distribution in the Washington area.
Aviation "firsts" was notched in 1912. An evaluation "Military Aviator Pilot was introduced, for example, was the first aircraft gun was installed tested; Lt. Hap Arnold had done the first mile you fly high;and, unfortunately, had recruited the first death of a soldier Corporal Frank S. Scott SU Army occurred.
Civil aviation has always usurped his military counterpart, no, it was replaced in 1913 when the army of Northern Iceland in San Diego, after its lease expired, he moved to June. The Rex Smith Aeroplane Company, who had already established their presence there, he designed his personal plane, and the National Aviation Company was repaired andprovided training flight Bleriot, Curtiss Wright and drawings. The Washington Aeroplane Company had built the Columbia mono-and bi-planes during this time.
College Park Airport has entered a new chapter in 1918, when the U. S. Post Office has been chosen as the site of its first airmail service, three months after a process of Potomac Park in Washington and Philadelphia to Belmont Park on Long Island , New York. Powered by a Curtiss JN-4H Jenny on August 12 and piloted by Max Miller isSuccessful e-mails was conducted in New York.
Jenny, the workhorse of the fleet air mail U.S., had a 27.4 meters long and 43.8 meters span. The two-seater biplane, OX-5 engine with liquid cooling, an empty weight of 1,430 pounds, it had a payload of 490 pounds, the pilot must include, in the back seat and the same at the front. The maximum speed was 75 km / h was.
An airmail hangar and Wind Rose was built in 1919 and had 12 aircraftAirmail formed the fleet before the service was the transcontinental route from New York was transferred in 1921.
Another chapter in the history of College Park was written in 1924, when the father-son team of Henry and Emile Berliner, the seat of Washington sponsors Aeroplane Company, had conducted the first controlled helicopter in the world, on 24 February the first vertical media U.S. Navy officials. The helicopter Berliner, uses a 18-foot-long Nieuport 23Hull had a duration of 38 feet in the triple-deck configuration, advanced to the front and rear trigger as horizontal blades had, and the top two 13-foot rotor diameter counter-rotating a 220 hp engine-driven Bentley BR 2 is a component installed. The car, 641 kilos of design was based on a quad wheel chassis.
The increase to 15 meters, had maintained the helicopter, a speed of 40 mph and maneuvering of a radius of 150 feet, traveling at about 200 meters, although theflight test had revealed a lack of power and inadequate control side. However, it was the progress that had until later in the design of its vertical Igor Sikorsky in 1940, led.
College Park Airport was not only instrumental in vertical flight, but blindly. Between 1927 and 1934, National Bureau of Standards (NBS) to facilitate the development, testing and radio navigation aids to zero visibility flying biplane with Caps. Jimmy Doolittlemake the first landing on the blind Mitchell Field, Long Island, September 24, 1929, had paved the way for the first such operation on the College Park, September 5, 1931, during the first instrument flight from origin to destination, was built in between 1934 and Newark College Park. The Institute of Technology in Washington, taking over the program for the development of the situation were the foundation for the current instrument landing system (ILS) was.
Also in 1927, the management of the airportGeorge had Brinckerhoff, who was instrumental in the inclusion in the golden age of aviation, making a fully trained pilot and staged frequent air shows, the latter in particular had passed, introduced to the public image of flights.
One of the aircraft most frequently featured at these shows, should have been the 110th Monocoupe Powered by a 145-hp Super Scarab engine piston, high-wing, 1611 kilos of aircraft, with a length of 20.8 meters and 32 metersSpan had a rapid, efficient, was smooth and aerodynamic for his day and reach approximately 120 - speed 148 mph. He won many speed records in College Park races and meets in the air.
The two-seater, tandem-arranged Taylor J-2 Cub, led four years later, in 1936, had contributed in this period. The good-natured, high-wing trainer with a length of 22.5 meters and 35.2 meters span, had a gross weight of 970 pounds and can reach speeds of 87 mph with his single, 40 hpContinental A-40 engines. Used Brinckerhoff for flight training during a period of 30 years had become the epitome of such private pilot trainer at general aviation airports throughout the country.
Another popular coach, three years later and with improved performance, had the Taylorcraft CL-65. In contrast to the tandem-seat configuration of the J-2, the agreement side-by-side twin was facilitated lessons. The high wing, tail wheel aircraft with a 22-footThe total length and 36 feet, range in tissue based on a 65-hp Lycoming O-145 engine had piston-driven to achieve a gross weight of 1,150 pounds, was 102 km / h top speed.
Another provision College Park-indication, the Aeron 65LA "Chief", had applied sky Maryland in 1940. Equating the Taylorcraft speed, had a 65 hp Continental C-65 engine has been driven and had submitted a maximum weight of 1,250 pounds. Only 87 of the type were produced.
DuringWorld War II, the Women's Air Service Pilots or wasps, was trained in College Park, Maryland civilian pilot Training Program, in order not to take aerial combat duties.
The Boeing Stearman PT-17, an open cockpit two-seater biplane instrumental for the training of pilots, who often competed and performed stunts in the air during the tendering period 1927-1964 Brinckerhoff. The plane, with 24.10 meters long and 32.2 meters span was a 220 hp kickedContinental R-670 radial engine and a maximum gross weight of 2717 pounds could reach 124 km / h speed. More than 8,500 in 11 different versions had been produced for the Army, Navy, and various countries.
An aircraft registered N8NP and piloted by Gus McLeod, was the first open-cockpit biplane flying over the North Pole. Starting Gaithersburg, Maryland, in April 2000, had not penetrated and having sub-zero temperatures in the intendedshipment of the last 13 days around the bar, was on 17 April but mechanical problems forced them to land. The pilot, returning the following month with the necessary replacement battery, found that the ice in which they were located about 80 miles towards Norway.
After repairs, the Stearman had to Nunavut in Canada before flying weather hampered the prosecution.
The Ercoupe 415d by the Engineering and Research Corporation (ERCO) designed theHenry Berliner had founded in 1932, was a low wing uses a tricycle landing gear and twin vertical fins, which was tested in College Park. Powered by a 85 hp Continental A-85 engine, two-bedroom, 1,400 pounds of general aviation aircraft with a wingspan of 30 feet can reach speeds of 117 km / h and was clearly a coordinated control of connecting the aileron and the rudder control offered by the column. Free pedals, it was easierpilot training and was considered slip, stall and spin proof.
In 1973, the Maryland National Capital Planning Commission and Park College Park Airport, and four years after it was purchased has been registered on the National Register of Historic Places.
Today, the world's oldest continuously airport, occupies 40 hectares, is a non-towers, air with 80 general aviation aircraft and a single lighted runway of 2,600 meters (15/33). The original hangar and airmailCompass Rose from 1919 to the end of the field is under the tracks, while 27 thousand square meters College Park Aviation Museum, a glass and brick structure of the curved roof designs beginning Wright Brothers and a subsidiary of inspiration, Smithsonian Institution, on the and displays many historical aircraft airport related.
Countless modern turboprop and pure jet aircraft regularly ply the corridor from Maryland and Baltimore-Washington InternationalAirport, perhaps unaware of the small village called "College Park Airport" between them. But at least a nod of recognition and appreciation at the time should be extended. This is finally where it all began.
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